This paper sets out to explore possibility of increasing the usage of bamboo stems in product design. The researchers argue that bamboo stem is a sustainable material that provides similar benefits as bamboo sheet materials and represents an untapped resource. Through market research, field story, and interviews with manufacturers, the researchers found that both internal and external constraints prevent bamboo stems to be adapted for mass production. The main internal constraint Is the inconsistency of bamboo stems' diameters. The researchers examine several forms of connectors used in bamboo stem products and found two joint types that might help solving this problem. To better understand the external constraints, the researchers conducted a survey and follow-up interviews to reveal the gap between user needs and the cağability of manufacturers. In conclusion, several key issues that should be resolved by design are listed to prove design directions.

Authors: Ping Wu, Tao Huang

This paper discusses the role of design in revitalizing marginalized communities facing economical, ecological, and cultural crisis. Using two rural towns in the US and China as locations for field study, this research team conducted interviews and observations, organized workshops and class projects, and participated in alternative agriculture practices to investigate opportunities for design research and design thinking methods to be utilized in the development of agricultural production, enhancement of economic growth, and improvement of community wellbeing. The paper concludes with recommendations for designers and community activists who might be interested in sustainable development for marginalized communities.

Authors: Tao Huang, Eric Anderson